Assignment 16: Research and Inspiration

Research:
According to Wikipedia, "information graphics are graphic visual representations of information, data or knowledge."
When Creating my own information graphic I must idolize the concept of having a design and making it visually attractive to attract views to looking at the design inn which i have created.
- use colors that attract people to the information you are trying to get shown by the viewer
- maybe have a railroad and as the railroad is going down i have information about the history of visual communications 
- make a clean color background
- make it look like a sidewalk with chalk on the sidewalk with information on it


Inspiration:

This is a circle graph however it is very colorful and makes a pretty design,  for this weight is shown in the background and draws you into the design to start at the white and move your eyes around the whole circle until you have read everything then you will hopefully look up more about this particular subject.  I would like to use the variety of colors in my piece when i create it.

This idolizes the information graphic type that she wants us to make. In this they have a color pattern which can show a pattern within the color scheme it has a little information in the middle of each block which makes you just want to learn more about what the design is about. This also is good because it does not overwhelm the reader of this particular design.

This poster for information graphics makes your eyes move with in and around the piece. This is mostly because it has a font that is in bold and very big sizing which makes you want to find out what they are talking about. As well as the pictures in the background that draw you into this picture. They do not have a lot of information in this poster on information graphics however it makes you want to find out more information in general.

Early Computers | 1930s - 1980s AD

What is an abacus?
Be able to make math calculations

In 1936,  Zuse invented this type of computer?
Programmable Computer

Post a photo of the 1944 Mark Computer.
In 1944, Aiken and Hopper designed the Mark Series of computers to be used for what?
the navy 

Post a photo of the UNIVAC Computer.

In 1951, Eckert and Mauchly designed the first commercial computer for whom?
census bureau

What does UNIVAC stand for?
universal automatic computer

In 1953, IBM enters the scene. What does IBM stand for?
international business machines

What is FORTRAN?
the ibm mathematical formula translating system

Post a photo of the first mouse.

In 1964, how did Engelbart change the way computers worked?
by making them more user-friendly tools

What is the significance of ARPnet?
the first internet

In 1971, Intel introduced this? Post a photo of it.
first single microprocessor 

In the same year, IBM introduced this? Post a photo of one.
first memory disx

In 1973, Metcalf and Xerox created this?
the first ethernet computer network

During the next several years, the first consumer computers were marketed. Post photos of the Altair, Apple I, Apple II, TRS-80, Commodore PET. Label each.



In 1981, Bill Gates and Microsoft introduced this package?
hi-dos computer operating system which was packages with the ibm pc

Post a photo of the Lisa computer.

In 1983, who introduced the Lisa computer?
first personal computer (xerox corporation)


What is GUI?
Graphical User Interface

Post a photo of the computer mentioned below.

In 1984, a more affordable home computer was introduced. Name the computer and the company that marketed it?
apple macintosh computer


The commercial only ran one time. When?
apple and 1984

In response to the Apple GUI, Gates and Microsoft introduced this?
windows operating system

Two men are known for their development of the Apple I computer. Who are they?
Macintosh and Jobs
When was the internet that we know, world wide web, developed and introduced?
1984 

Over the years, Apple has included "easter eggs" within their software. What is an "easter egg"?
a software they would use when downloading software

Search for easter eggs in Photoshop and Illustrator. List a few in this post ... and try to find them in the applications.

Where do you think computers will take us in the next 10 years?
I believe computers will be replaced by iPad's and  etc. 

Photography | 1839-1960s AD

Until the 1880s, how were news stories illustrated?
camera obscura

What is a camera obscura?
dark chamber

Post an example of a camera obscura.

How did scholars and artists utilize the camera obscure?
a way to observe light

From where did the photographic camera develop?
from the portable box came the development of the photographic camera and the ability to accept a sheet of light

Who first used the term "photography"? Where was is derived from?
Sir John Hershel and words for light and writing

Post an the first photograph.  

Who is credited with making the first successful photograph?
Joseph Niépce 

Post an example of a Daguerreotype image. 

Who invented the Daguerreotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Louis Daguerre and expensive but the picture could be made permanent it in salt 

Post an example of a Calotype image. 

Who invented the Calotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
William Fox Talbot and the subject was exposed onto light-sensitive paper, producing a paper negative.

Post an example of a Wet Collodion Process image. 

Who invented the Wet Collodion process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Fredrick Scott Archer and much faster and cost less they needed a dry method

Post an example of a Dry Plate Process image.

Who invented the Dry Plate process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Richard Maddox and made a dry plate negative



Who is George Eastman? What company did he establish?
made photography accessible to all. Eastman Kodak



Post an example of The Kodak Camera from 1888.

In 1888, he produced a camera that use his flexible roll film. How did he make this camera/photography accessible to the public?
he invented roll film

What is Edwin Land best known for? What company did he establish?
Polaroid and known for patenting polarized light filters

Post a photo of the first Polaroid camera.

How long did the first Polaroid camera take to produce a photo?
60 seconds

What was Eadweard Muybridge known for?
motion picture photography

Post a photo of the Zoopraxiscope.

What is the Zoopraxiscope?
this was a device used to project a series of images in successive phases of motions

Post a photo of Muybridge's horse in motion.

How did Muybridge settle the debate and photograph a horse in motion?the position that all four of a horse's hooves are off the ground at the same the during a gallop

In 1880s, the development of the motion picture camera allowed this?
individual images to be captured and stored on a single film reel

Post a photo of a motion picture projector.

What is a motion picture projector?
to shine a light through the film and magnify the moving picture onto a screen for an audience

The Linotype Machine | 1886 AD

Who is credited with the invention of the typewriter?
christopher sholes

What is a "stenographer"?
a person who has notes and legal briefs in the court,


Post an example of Shole's typewriter.

Why did Sholes send a prototype of his typewriter to Clephane?
because he knew stenographers would use it the most

After the typewriter began production, why did Clephane pursue another machine?
because it was destroyed

Who spent a year redesigning Clephane's typesetting machine?
Clephane's own employees

What is meant by "typesetting"?
type setting is what sets the gap in-between the typewriter and the printed page


Post an example of Linotype Machine.

How does the Linotype Machine differ from the typewriter?
mergenthaler suggested casting type from a metal matrix versus papier-maché

How did this machine change the newspaper industry?
made it possible for a small number of operators to set type for more pages on a daily basis


Post an example of a Linotype keyboard.

How did the keyboard of the Linotype Machine differ from keyboards that we use today?
it had 90 characters of keyboards, no shift and no uppercase or lowercase letters


Post an example of a Linotype slug.

What is a slug?
the assembled line of type is then cast as a single piece

Post an example of a person operating a Linotype Machine.

Why is the Linotype Machine the greatest advanced in printing since movable type?
it made printing faster

The Gutenberg Press | 1450 AD

What is Johannes Gutenberg credited with?
printing press invention occupies same status

Post a photo of the Gutenberg Press.
How did the printing press work?
ink was rolled over the raised surface of movable hand-set black letters held within a wooden form

What motivated Gutenberg to find a better way of creating books?
parents ad his love of reading motivated him to find a better way to create books

Why did Gutenberg experiment with metal type versus wood type?
they were not durable

Post an example of movable type in a type case.
What is moveable type?
the system of printing that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document

What is a matrix?
can be reused so the same character appearing anywhere within the book will appear very uniform

What ink did Gutenberg develop that he used specifically for the printing press?
Oil-Based Ink

What is paper made from? Where did paper originate?
Wood Pulp and Chinese

What is a "substrate"?
a way they make the press

Who did Gutenberg seek to help with the invention of the press? Close to the end of the 5 years, what happened? Peter Schoffer and he could not repay the loan with interest 


What was the first book he printed?Post an example of this book.
two-volume Bible

How did the Gutenberg Press impact communication?
perfected script and made it easier to read

Who introduced the printing press to England?
William Caxton

What was the early form of newspapers?
The Boston Letter

When was the first news weekly published? What was it called?
Boston, Massachusetts 

What kind of press was built in the US in the mid 1800s?
cast iron printing press

Post an example of a 1930s printing press.
By the late 1930s, presses had increased in efficiency and were capable of 2,500 to 3,500 impressions per hour. What is meant by "impression"?

the amount of ink per press

Which printing process is the Gutenberg press an example of? Briefly describe the process?
Relief Printing

Post an example of an intaglio press.
What is intaglio printing and how is ink transferred?
image area is etched into the plate surface in the ink

Post an example of a screen (porous) printing press.
What is porous printing and how is ink transferred?
image carrier is attached to a screen. Ink is forced through open mesh areas

Post an example of a lithography printing press.
What is lithography and how is ink transferred?
printing from a flat surface. based on the concept that oil and water do not readily mix

Post an example of a offset lithography printing press.
What variation of lithography is used by the commercial printing industry today?
Drawing and artwork (commercial printing)

How do printing presses used today compare to the Gutenberg Press?
they use the same thought of idolizing the use of ink however in a different way.

Describe four-color process printing using CMYK?
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black

The Codex and the Illuminated Manuscript | 1st century AD

Post an example of a scroll.
What were the drawbacks of the scroll?they only had a sequence of reading the scrolls

Post an example of a codex.

What is a codex?covered and bound collection of hand written pages

"Codex" is derived from the Latin meaning "block of wood". Why?bc it was written on a block of wood

What is the difference between "sequential access" and "random access"?random access- one can go to any point to find info
sequencial access- one must go through the scroll to find a certain passage


What were the advantages of using the codex?codex was easier to organize in libraries bc the titles could be written on the spines

What helped spread the use of the codex?
christians

What replaced papyrus? Describe the process used to create it?
Parchment paper which was basically hair and fat removed                                                                                                                                                      What is vellum?
finer qualities of parchment were made from skins of young calves


Name several examples of current technology that utilizes the format of the codex?books that use the binding method, paper making

What led to a period of cultural and economical deterioration?
the decline of the Roman Empire 













Post an example of an illuminated manuscript.

Who began creating books by hand, taking the creation to an art form?
the church and monastic monks


What does "illumination" refer to? What was included in this ornamentation?
borders, illustrations and text. everything was included

What tool was used for creating the illuminated manuscripts?
feathers from birds

Why were these manuscripts reserved for religious purposes?
bc they were used in craftsmanship and things

What is craftsmanship? Why is it important?
Craftsmanship is how much time and effort you take on making something

The Greek Alphabet | 800 BC

How did Greeks come in contact with the Phoenicians?
Phoenicians regularly traveled to greece and formed trade agreements

How was the Greek adaptation of the alphabet different from its predecessor?
bcd they had vowels and constants which they were not familiar with

Why is the Greek alphabet considered to be the world's first true alphabet?
it has given rise to all the other alphabets

Name several similarities and differences between the Greek and modern English alphabets?

the greek alphabet was similar however it did not have vowels like the alphabets do now.


Post an example of the Greek alphabet in visual form. 

Assignment 15: research and inspiration

Research:
Illuminated Manuscript is a "manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration, such as initials, borders, etc." says wikipedia.

Brainstorming: 
- use mostly primary colors (red, green, blue, maybe orange)
- Song choice:

1. Dont Change
2. I'd Rather
3. Let Me Love you
4. California King Bed

Inspiration:

This specific design i like because it has the "L" illuminated and the background is very bright so it attracts me to the piece, they have different sizes for the beginning letters for important sentences. However, the letter is the same color and i just find this piece of art very interesting. I want to idolize the background in my piece.

This piece has a nice flowing design without the whole piece. The background and the letter "D" both use the same colors and the "D" reminds me of the stained glass you may see while staring at a church window around this time. Which has a nice flow to me.

I like the idea of the illuminated letter not being in the top left corner which in most of the examples it was in the top left corner. This piece is unique to me because it is not found there. It makes you look around the whole piece instead of making the main picture or illumination in the center of the entire piece that we are forming.