Define typography?
The art of expressing ideas through the selection of appropriate typefaces
Where did the word "typography" originate from?
Greek word of "form" and "writing"
What does typography involve?
Selection of the appropriate font, size, spacing between letters, and line spacing
What is a typeface?
distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image
What is another term for typeface?
fonts
What is a character?
individual symbols that make up a typeface
What is type style?
modifications in a typeface that create design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface
What does type style "create" within a design?
bold, italic, condensed, roman, heavy
What is the waist line and what does it indicate?
imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters
What is a base line and what does it indicate?
imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the character
What is an ascender?
the part of the character that extends below the base line
What is a descender?
smaller line used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character
Describe a serif?
it measures from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender
How can the size of the typeface be identified?
point size
What is a point?
measure size in font
How many points are in an inch?
72 points in an inch
What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
72 points in an inch, pica- before computers designed everything in pica normally in newspapers
How many points are in a pica?
12
What is body type and where can it be found?
type sizes that range from 4 pt through 12 pt types (smaller type size)
What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
can you read it or be able to see it? (readability)
What is display type and how is it used?
used to draw attention to a message, and used in headlines and sub headlines
What is reverse type and when would it be used?
consist of white type on a solid black or darker color background (when you need to draw attention to something)
What is a typeface classification?
a basic system for classifying typefaces was devised in the 19th century when printers sought to identify a heritage for their own craft. (helps you eliminate and choose a font)
When was Black-letter invented and how was it used?
mid 1400 used with printing press (to use thick and thin letters)
Describer the characteristics of a Black letter typeface?
resembles the calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes
When was Old Style invented and what was is based on?
1500-1600 century (time of renaissance) and based on ancient roman inscriptions
Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?
this classification have wedge-shaped (different in strokes but not like black letter)
When were formal scripts developed?
17th and 18th century (based on the handwriting of the time)
When were casual scripts developed?
20th century
Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?
should not be used as small body text
When was Modern typefaces developed and why?
18th and 19th century as a radical break from traditional typography of the time
(similar to old style)
Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?
classification of obsolete
How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
Italian renaissance and it became popular again (found early as 5th century)
When did they become popular?
1920s
What does "sans serif" mean?
without serifs (HAS NO SERIFS)
Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
Strokes are all the same
When was Slab Serif developed and why?
19th century for advertising purposes
Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
uniform line weight and thicker square serifs (uniform strokes)
Describe Decorative typefaces?
have the most distinctive design style and were developed with a specific purpose or theme
Why were they developed?
for large point sizes
What are they best used for?
incorporate pictures of objects animals etc into the character design and parties
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